160,392, End childhood health epidemics by exposing causes, seeking justice + establishing safeguards. When a Lakewood Family gives birth, Eim Leah Delivers! With Uncle Heshy (Big H)at 9p 2,348,449. Our Federal EIN is 21-0634542. bottom of page . January 30, 2023 at 7:36 PM. For over half of a century, he led the yeshiva, guidingtalmidimthrough theiryeshivayears and well beyond. The union was founded in part by his brother, former BMG president Rabbi Aaron Kotler. After acceptance, tuition is negotiated. A powerful and magnetic mechanech and lecturer, he has a never-ending passion for Torah and Avodas Hashem, and a deep love for every Jew. Follow Are baalabatim endowed with disagreeing with leading Rabbonim simply because the underlying issue is one which pertains to public health? By long-standing institutional tradition, each semester begins with the majority of students exploring the many study groups (called "Chaburos") available in each field of study and choosing the one that they find of greatest interest. Rav Feigelstock learned in his younger years (1948 - 1970) at Beth Medrash Govoha in Lakewood, becoming a leading talmid of Rav Aharon The Kollel's mission is twofold: To prepare our scholars for their future roles as leaders of the Jewish community, and to share the beauty of . This is generally a four-part process. I believe it was his rookie year. The Rosh Yeshivas legendary Thursday Night Shmuez keeps the bochurim glued to their seats and gives alumni throughout the world a weekly boost of inspiration. Goodbye Papa. 33,508 The Lag Baomer fire of Bais Medrash Mayan Hatorah began just like every other year. With him are usually one or two other members of the faculty. Additionally some roshai chaburah assist in pairing the members of their chaburah with an appropriate chavrusah (study partner). In respond to the demand for a branch of the yeshiva in Lakewood, and as part of his sense of responsibility to his talmidim, and his endless passion to spread Torah world over, Rav Apelbaum recently opened a new division in Lakewood- Kollel Tiferes Chaim composed of his talmidim and select budding Talmidei Chachamim. WATCH: Mother Of Kedoshim: Im Horrified By The Fundraising Campaign For Sara Netanyahus Hairdresser: They Didnt Come To Protest, They Were In Its Not About Judicial Reform, Its About Your Fear Of Chareidim. Kollel Tiferes Chaim is pleased to invite the Lakewood community to its first annual parlor meeting, this Monday, November 9 at the Williams St Shul, 63 Williams St at 7:15 pm. Yosef Chaim Shneur Kotler (1918 - 24 June 1982) was an Orthodox rabbi and rosh yeshiva of Beth Medrash Govoha (also known as the Lakewood Yeshiva) in Lakewood, New Jersey from 1962 to 1982. Three of the four current roshei yeshiva of Lakewood shaved when they were . Yudel Shain said. Three zmanim (semesters) exist in a year, based on the Hebrew calendar: The three zmanim span two official semesters. See also the "shivtiyk-dot-com" web site: Last edited on 12 February 2023, at 20:49, New Jersey Commission on Higher Education, Association of Advanced Rabbinical and Talmudic Schools, Yeshiva Ohr Elchonon Chabad/West Coast Talmudical Seminary, "How Lakewood became a worldwide destination for Orthodox Jews", How Lakewood, N.J., is Redefining What it Means to be Orthodox in America, https://www.state.nj.us/highereducation/documents/pdf/statistics/fiscal/Enr2018.pdf, "NJ College & University Directory by Sector", "Rav Abba Brudny Appointed as a Mashgiach at BMG", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beth_Medrash_Govoha&oldid=1138997662. This still must be investigated, @SenRonJohnson https://childrenshealthdefense.org/defender/discrepancies-modernas-fda-report-demand-answers/, Another doctor joins the vaccine risk aware (VRA) movement. V'Daas Rosh Yeshiva Rav Yisroel Reisman. The yeshiva goes on several inspirational and rejuvenating trips throughout the year and has Shabbos seudos by the homes of the Rosh Yeshiva and the rabbeim. Are you the admin of a social media group? II 45 pages, beautifully arranged and typeset by Machon Daas Z'keinim in Lakewood, NJ) was written by Rav Aharon Felder z"l, a Talmid Muvhak of Rav Moshe Feinstein zt"l who was just niftar. Facts Are Irrelevant: Rebutting the New York Times Unrelenting Crusade Against New York Yeshivas - Agudath Israel of America. info@YesodeiHadas.org 908.770.3502 133 Pressburg Lane Lakewood, NJ, 08701 donate. Prime Care. Bochurim are encouraged to gain clarity in their learning, and constantly review everything they learn. George Gascn is very concerned that you properly gender this person. Father of Rabbi Shneur Kotler, RY BMG-Lakewood; Rebbetzin Sara Pesha . A Shell petrochemical plant in Pennsylvania less than 30 miles from the East Palestine, Ohio, train derailment Children and adults around the world have been disabled and died from Gardasil shots. Beth Medrash Govoha (Hebrew: , Sephardi pronunciation: Beth Midrash Gavo'a. lit: "High House of Learning"; also known as Lakewood Yeshiva or BMG) is a Haredi Jewish Lithuanian yeshiva in Lakewood Township, New Jersey.It was founded by Rabbi Aaron Kotler in 1943 and is the second-largest yeshiva in the world, after Mir Yeshiva in Jerusalem. Rabbi Levine is . . This is such sad news All rights reserved. Here is the Youtube Link [9] His assistant in this was Rabbi Nosson Meir Wachtfogel (19101998), the Lakewood mashgiach. [12], Kotler served on the Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah of Agudath Israel of America and the rabbinical boards of the Torah Umesorah National Society for Hebrew Day Schools and Chinuch Atzmai. Bais Medrash Govoha of Eretz Yisroel, known to many as 'Lakewood East', is an exceptional Makom Torah. Follow E: info@eimleah.org W: www.eimleah.org. The Rosh Yeshiva, Rav Yaakov Eliezer Schwartzman Shlita, established this bastion of Torah excellence 40 years ago with a singular goal and mission: To develop true Bnei Torah imbued with Ahavas Hatorah, in the footsteps of his illustrious grandfather, Moreinu Rav Aharon Kotler Zt"l. The real story the greatest outrage is that the people who knew or should have known the truth lied about it in order to hide the Chinese governments role in mass murder. There are no words. Only applicants who have received a "bechina (entrance exam) card" authorizing them to advance will be able to proceed with these steps: Shivti,[7] the yarchei kallah program, is a highly acclaimed weekly Sunday program for laymen. He was a member of Jewish voluntary organization Chaverim of South Florida and Chesed Shel Emes. The majority of our caregivers are seminary/post-seminary girls who will not work in a home with unfiltered internet. Rabbi Meshulam Dovid Soloveitchik, rosh yeshiva of one of the Brisk yeshivas in Jerusalem, passed away on Sunday at the age of 99, three months after he was confirmed as being infected with the . R Shmuel was a big Tzaddik & a bigger Anav. Hashem Is Everywhere! Wednesday, March 04 . To listen to all KOLOT episodes, visit www.kolotpodcast.com KOLOT is a . Adelphia-Rav Leff Adelphia-Rav Rosenman Ateret Torah Ateret Yerushalayim Bais Aharon-Rav Schulgasser Bais HaTalmud Bais Medrash Elyon Bais Medrash Elyon-Post EY Bais . The campaign ad Gavin Newsom doesn't want you to see. Fully vaccinated. With a focus on making siyumim, and celebrating every success, Tiferes Chaim builds every bochurs self-worth, and infuses them with a love for Torah. History. I have come only to help save, with your assistance, American Yidden, the centuries-old Torah centers of Europe. In 1943 Rav Kotler pulled off a historic accomplishment by opening one of the first European standard Yeshivos, Bais Medrash Gevoha in Lakewood NJ, on the shores of America. [11] Other mashgichim in the yeshiva included/include Rabbi Yehuda Jacobs, Rabbi Eliezer Stefansky, and Rabbi Yaakov Pollack. One of my first days there, the Rosh Yeshiva came over to me & asked me, ASKED ME, young kid of 19, what I thought of a certain sevarah. 5 Towns Central | Any reproduction is strictly prohibited. From Cameroon to the @WhiteHouse - @todaynewsafrica correspondent @simonateba shares why he continues to fight for his place in the briefing room. Do you know of a Rav or Talmid Chacham who is being bullied? Read millions of eBooks and audiobooks on the web, iPad, iPhone and Android. To inquire about using our content, including videos or photos, email us at, Copyright | The Lakewood Scoop. movement movement Kat Kanada productions presents this! There are no enrollments for the fall semester. The morning session is the most important of the sessions and is the subject that students will devote their after-hours time to and are most likely to write papers on; it is also the subject of the lectures. Agudath Israel of America Prime Service. He is the quintessential rebbe: warm, personable, and unstintingly devoted to each and every talmid. Follow I promise you with all my heart I will ensure that your premature passing will not be in vain & that we achieve justice for those who have suffered unnecessarily from an mRNA jab that should likely never have been approved & certainly not without informed consent. Known in his youth as the Svislovitzer Ilui, the Torah prodigy from Svislovitz, his fame had spread throughout the Torah world of Lithuania, and he had risen to become the head of the Yeshiva of Kletsk. While this confers zero protection on a population that was spared by the virus, it is creating a socially conditioned paradigm of forced isolation and alienation which, according to Child-Development Theory, will deprive them of the necessary spontaneous socialization proven critical to personality development over thousands of years. On Youtube & Facebook 26 Feb 2023 23:21:04 The bris of Shmuel Yehuda Levine, the son of Rosh Hayeshiva of Telz Harav Efraim Mordechai shlit"a, took place on Monday. [8], After his father died in 1962, Kotler took over his father's yeshiva. [2][4], Rabbi Kotler supervised the opening of 30 Lakewood-style kollels in 30 cities,[9] including Los Angeles, Detroit, Toronto, Montreal, Boston, Long Beach, New York, Scranton, Pennsylvania, Miami Beach, Denver,[1] Pittsburgh, Deal, New Jersey, and Melbourne. [8] They then pair up with a study partner, who will join them in their study group. New to CHD? Yosef Chaim Shneur Kotler (1918 24 June 1982) was an Orthodox rabbi and rosh yeshiva of Beth Medrash Govoha (also known as the Lakewood Yeshiva) in Lakewood, New Jersey from 1962 to 1982. Follow Rav Feigelstock later went on to lead his own yeshiva, Mesivta of Long Beach, turning it into one of the most prestigious Torah institutions in America. He gave over tha passion and Mesorah of his Rabbeim Maran Rav Aron Kotler Ztl and R Yoshe Ber of Brisk. https://t.co/wYBGG2oclM, Dear public: Are you ready to hear it now? Each and every Talmid is treated as a treasured individual by the Rosh Yeshiva, Rebbeim and Mashgichim. 418,929. These getaways afford the bochurim the opportunity to become close to their rabbeim in an informal and relaxed setting, giving them a life-long bond. Based upon the recommendations of our Rabbinic Advisor, the father cannot be present in the home for the duration of the caregivers scheduled time there. Copying or reproducing our content is both against the law and against Halacha. A loner, dependent on his neighbors in Lakewood. Estimated attendance was about 15,000. Sign up today for a free account to receive notifications of our new posts containing Torah news that is being deliberately censored by other outlets. His motto is: every single bochur can become great if you show him enough love and if you have enough patience. It is led by his talmidim Rav Eli and Rav Dovid Weiner. A grade is issued, on a scale of one to five, reflecting the applicant's possession of the requisite knowledge. Rav Felder was the Rav of Congregation Bnai [] A rapidly growing community, as of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 135,158, . Currently, they are at max capacity and bursting at the seams. In Lakewood, which later became a big center of Jewish life with a famous yeshiva, there was a wealthy man by the name of Kalev Fastan. They cannot be assigned to do any household cleaning, laundry, etc, Our caregivers are paid $15-18 an hour. 4,606 The baby's father is Rav Efraim Mordechai Levin, Rosh Yeshiva Telshe Chicago. Husband of Rebbetzin Chana Peryl Kotler We were zocheh to have giant living amongst us. Copying or reproducing our content is both against the law and against Halacha. At this time, the community requested that his son, Rabbi Raphael Lapin, Rosh Yeshiva of Keter Torah and his wife, Rebbetzin Chanie, come to San Jose and assume the mantle of leadership. The talmidim per- formed in front of parents, grandparents, sib- talmidim per- formed in front My Karmi and Alfred Union are his talmidim. The Lag Ba'omer fire of Bais Medrash Mayan Hatorah began just like every other year. Unlike a kollel, which is a full-time learning program, a community kollel is a part-time learning program, part-time outreach program. You have entered an incorrect email address! [7], Shneur was educated in his youth by his father. Reb Moshe z"l was born in the Bertch ghetto in April 1940 and went on to . [9] Today, Rabbi Malkiel Kotler, Rabbi Shneur's son, and Rabbis Yerucham Olshin, Dovid Schustal, and Yisroel Neuman, serve in that role. The deadlines vary, and they are generally close to the 1st of Elul for the winter enrollment, and the 1st of Adar for summer enrollment. Atualmente, ele oferece a mais avanada palestra talmdica na Mesivta de Lakewood. It is the latest example of targeting of the Jewish community hate that is made especially deadly when individuals intending to do harm are able to easily obtain firearms. James Lyons-Weiler Any Eim Leah caregiver/helper who assists you in your home is an employee of Eim Leah. may they be a meilitz yosher for all of Klal Yisroel! We are reeling, said Rabbi Chaim Dovid Zwiebel, executive vice president of Agudath Israel. On behalf of @ICANdecide, we made numerous legal demands on CDC and NIH over last 3 years to provide any study showing that injecting aluminum adjuvant, widely used in childhood vaccines, is safe. Beth Medrash Govoha is unique among Yeshivas in that a student can study any subject in the Talmud or Halachah that he prefers. Faculty members include some of the finest Torah scholars and astute educators in the Torah World . The applicant completes a secondary registration application which asks for additional, detailed information that was not required on the original application. The full interview streams exclusively on @foxnation plus: unlock free sign-up offers only at http://TuckerCarlson.com. YWN regrets to inform you of the petirah of Reb Moshe Bertram z"l, who was niftar on Wednesday in Lakewood. 1132 Arcola Avenue | Silver Spring, MD 20902 | Phone: (301) 593-4465 | Fax: (301) 593-2330 | office@yise.org Dont believe the story? ensuring participants could maximise their time in yeshiva without distractions. 36 Glen Avenue Lakewood NJ 08701 The Rosh Yeshiva Shlita constantly emphasizes how the Rebbeim are like fathers, the Mashgichim are like mothers, and how he is like the grandfather to each Talmid. Rabbi Kotler escaped the Nazis in 1941 and came to the United States where he opened BMG in 1943. Follow All learning is done within a system of chaburos (study groups) in which 15 to 200 scholars are seated together to study the same subject at the same pace with their individual chavrusa (study partner). Rosh Yeshiva, Hebrew Academy of Long Beach Menahel, Davis Renov Stahler Yeshiva High School for Boys (DRS) Thursday, July 04 . The admissions officer holds a general interview with the applicant. Afternoon babysitting is provided Monday-Thursday by Post-high school girls for a duration of 2 hours per day, Our caregivers are capable of playing with siblings, assisting with homework, supper, and bedtime. Brother of Malka Pines and Dvora Czerbuchowski. For example, one of bestsellers is a baseball themed yarmulke handmade in Israel with Hebrew lettering. It is a MUST that any device with unfiltered internet be locked away/inaccessible for the duration of the caregivers scheduled time there. he was my twelfth grade Rebbi in Yeshiva of Eastern Parkway. CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. With constant encouragement, overflowing love, and infinite patience, he nurtures every talmid to be an accomplished ben Torah, and a refined Jew. Follow our posts for the latest updates. lit: "High House of Learning"; also known as Lakewood Yeshiva or BMG) is a Haredi Jewish Lithuanian yeshiva in Lakewood Township, New Jersey. The acclaimed Dayanus Program of Machon Lehoraa Online Smicha hosted shiurim in the last weeks with Rabbi Yechiel Kalmenson, rosh yeshiva of Brunoy, and Rabbi Yosef Kalmenson, rosh yeshiva of New Haven. The shivti was created by Rav Yaakov Tescher. It was first used on Rosh Hashanah 5776, seating over one thousand people for the services. The accepted student must also complete steps required by the State of New Jersey of all students entering dormitories and post-secondary schools in New Jersey. The Rosh Yeshiva, a son of Harav Avigdor Miller Zatzal, lost his wife last month. Will Discuss How We Are Both Fed Up Marc Garfinkel Some students will continue learning these subjects for many years, developing great expertise in these areas, while others will study other areas of the Talmud. About Us; Staff; Camps; Scuba. Birth of Rabbi Shneur Kotler, RY BMG-Lakewood, Birth of Rebbetzin Sara Pesha Schwartzman. Scientist. Our Approach. Start here: https://t.co/EwIlMNgDAd, Thats the first shot they get in life. Rosh Yeshiva, Heichal Hatalmud, Lakewood. Beth Medrash Govoha is a successor institution to Yeshivas Etz Chaim, which was located in Slutzk, in what is today Belarus. It was a tremendous chizuk to be able to jump back into the Beis Medrash and have such an immersive experience within the koslei yeshiva . The individual is politically powerful and has strong ties with BMG and The Lakewood Vaad. . He was orphaned at the age of 10 and adopted by his uncle, Rabbi Yitzchak Pinnes, a Dayan in Minsk. Our trip concluded at the Lubavitcher Rebbe's Ohel where we farbrenged and davened with Rav Moshe Weinberger. Yudel Shain said. Very sweet however very dangerous to dispose of electronic waste like that. [6] Every chaburah is headed by a rosh chaburah (head/leader of the study group). Kevurah will take place in Eretz Yisroel. A secondlevayahwill be held tomorrow at 11 a.m. at the Bais Yitzchok Bais Medrash of Beth Medrash Govoha in Lakewood. This kiddush hashem continued and repeated itself 12 times! As an aside, it's worth relating an experience I had as a beis medrash bochur back in 1982, when the Lakewood rosh yeshivah, Rav Shneur Kotler, was terribly ill with the sickness that eventually took his life the following Tammuz. Death: November 29, 1962 (66-75) New York, NY, United States. Of his parents' children, only he and his sister, Sarah, survived infancy. Fauci is sweating bullets now that the truth of COVID-19s origins can no longer be denied. 01 Mar 2023 16:17:14 It was a whirlwind and truly It was never 95%. Dr. Simone Gold Lakewood East is growing,BE APART OF IT TODAY! Reference names, numbers, and preferred times to call are listed for the following yeshivos: Click on the links below to view each Yeshiva's Contact information. Y OUR W INDOW INTO THE W ORLD OF Y ESHIVA D ARCHEI N OAM ' " 5:24 p.m. Vol. Merck researchers on Monday published a study suggesting evidence shows that moving routine HPV vaccination to ages Heshy Tischler He was 67 years old. The yeshiva was founded in Gateshead in 1929 by Reb Dovid Dryan, with the Chofetz Chaim serving as an active patron and appointing the original head of the yeshiva. A washing machine that keeps breaking down. Meaning that children have either mild symptoms like sniffles or are completely asymptomatic, and show no evidence of transmitting illness as carriers to the elderly, the yeshivas in Crown Heights (Oholei Torah and Bais Rivka) are building cubicles for each child in with plexiglass. The child is named after his Zaida, Harav Shmuel Yehuda ztl. Based upon the recommendations of our Rabbinic Advisor, the father cannot be present in the home for the duration of the caregivers scheduled time there. During the time the yeshiva was in Shanghai the Mirrer Yeshiva was led by Rav Chaim Leib Shmuelevitz who after Rav Lazer Yudel Finkel passed away eventually became the main Rosh Yeshiva of the Mir . Whether the episode features a leading rabbi, business executive or government official, KOLOT is the podcast searching for diversity through a Torah lense. As such, in general, only students who have already studied in an undergraduate level yeshiva geared for students aged 1822, will be accepted. What a tremendous loss for our community and the Yeshiva world in general. They cannot be assigned to do any household cleaning, laundry, etc. Here is the Youtube Link Yerucham Olshin, rosh yeshiva of BMG [citation needed] [3] The principal Rosh yeshiva since 1982 is Rabbi Malkiel Kotler. At some point during the dancing, the Rosh Yeshiva, Harav Avrohom Mordechai Newman Shlita, gathered the talmidim together and began a shmooze, telling them how Lag Baomer is a time to rise spiritually, and in the zechus of Rabi Shimon one can undertake something even beyond his natural level and Hashem will give him the strength to follow through. CDC and NIH Unable to Provide a Single Study to Support the Safety of Injecting Aluminum Adjuvants Despite its Widespread Use in Childhood Vaccines - ICAN - Informed Consent Action Network. [1][2] As of 2019, it had 6,715 students, 2,748 regular and 3,967 in Kollel status. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}400544N 741319W / 40.09562N 74.22207W / 40.09562; -74.22207. He was burning with the fire of Torah and Mussar. P: 732-851-1302 | F: 732-851-1315 Whereas his father had actively restricted enrollment to a select group of students, Kotler accepted a broader range of students and post-graduate fellows. Supporting them at this crucial time will enable them to invest all their strengths into their mission of transforming todays average Bochurim into thriving Talmidei Chachamim! Prime Service. 732-534-3558. Eim Leah's mission is to provide respite for Lakewood women after birth, providing a weekly care package consisting of babysitting, hot suppers, lunches, and more. It was founded by Rabbi Aaron Kotler in 1943 and is the second-largest yeshiva in the world, after Mir Yeshiva in Jerusalem. As a resident of Raintree I can say the Rosh HaYeshiva had a tremendous hashpah on our neighborhood. Fmr. 2,921, Listen to the just Enough Heshy show Wednesday Night at 9pm Live on YouTube Facebook, Tonight, Wednesday Under the leadership of Rabbi Mendel Slomovits, the Yeshiva has cultivated an atmosphere where young students feel comfortable to advance. Your Cart. The Just Enough Heshy Show! As a son of Rav Avigdor Miller and talmid of Rav Ahron Kotler, he bridged the worlds of Torah and Machshava at the highest level. To access the conference, call 848-220-3300, access code 2587400#. Weve Got You Covered, NAUSEATING: Chicken Waste Spills Across New Jersey Highway, Causes Sticky, Stinky Mess. Rabbi Aharon Kotler served as the academic and spiritual leader of the institution, from 1943 until his passing in 1962. The yeshiva goes on several inspirational and rejuvenating trips throughout the year and has Shabbos seudos by the homes of the Rosh Yeshiva and the rabbeim. January 30, 2023 at 8:30 PM. KOLOT is where many voices can be found on one podcast. Rabbi Nosson Meir Wachtfogel served as Dean of Students (mashgiach ruchani) from the mid 1950s until his death in 1998,[10] he is succeeded by Rabbi Matisyohu Salomon and Rabbi Abba Brudny. US Slams Smotrich: His Comments Are Irresponsible, Repugnant & Disgusting. He later studied in the Kaminetz yeshiva in Poland and became a student of Rabbi Baruch Ber Leibowitz. Agudath Israel of America is devastated at the loss today of one of the great Torah leaders of our generation, Rabbi Yitzchok Feigelstock, ztl. March 1,2023 Talmud and halakha studies in the institution are carried in the form of over 200 small groups, Chaburos, which consist of several students mentored by a veteran, each pursuing its own specific curriculum with an emphasis on individual learning.[4]. #TheDefender The entire Jewish world has suffered a terrible blow with his death.. Bobov Institutions in Jerusalem Beth Medrash Govoha (Hebrew: , Sephardi pronunciation: Beth Midrash Gavo'a. Sign up to receive email alerts when we post new articles. Kevurahwill then follow at thebais hachaimoff of East Seventh Street in Lakewood. 6,643, Covering events, news & information from Agudath Israel of America, the voice & arm of American Torah Jewry. Before leaving, he invited them to come back in 30 days to update him. WATCH: Mother Of Kedoshim: Im Horrified By The Fundraising Campaign For Sara Netanyahus Hairdresser: They Didnt Come To Protest, They Were In Its Not About Judicial Reform, Its About Your Fear Of Chareidim. Our Talmidim have learned the chashivus of Torah, dedicated their lives to Torah Lishmah, and have spread the royalty of Torah life to their own families and communities, far and wide. The Kollel will also be beH the future home of Yeshiva Tiferes Chaim Lakewood, where it will replicate the values and goals of the Rosh Yeshiva Shlita in spreading Torah and building bochurim from throughout the tri-state area.