Create a cluster sample by picking two of the columns. For example, suppose Lisa wants to form a four-person study group (herself and three other people) from her pre-calculus class, which has 31 members not including Lisa. While working on these data, it is important to know the types of data to process them and get the right results. This page titled 1.2: Variables and Types of Data is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by OpenStax via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. A. The data she collects are summarized in the pie chart Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\). The data are because.continuous the data can take on any value in an interval B. Data from www.bookofodds.com/Relationsh-the-President. state whether the data is continous or discrete The durations of a chemical reaction comma repeated several times Choose the correct answer below. . The discrete data contain the values that fall under integers or whole numbers. Qualitative data are generally described by words or letters. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Zanas house is at A, 500 feet from the intersection, and Tan's house is at B, 750 feet from F. Which distance is longer, the distance from Zana's house to Tan's house or the distance from Theresa's house to Is house? Data may come from a population or from a sample. answer below. The data . Examples are lengths, temperature, etc. 13. Each method has pros and cons. Over time, some continuous data can change. What type of data is this? , i.e. The option "B" is correct i.e. Statistics and Probability questions and answers, state whether the data is continous or discrete The durations of Instead of that, just revise what youve already done. Working with data requires good data science skills and a deep understanding of different types of data and how to work with them. A medical researcher interviews every third cancer patient from a list of cancer patients at a local hospital. The number of classes a student missed. 1. Books for these classes tend to be expensive. Record the three quiz scores in column one that correspond to these three numbers. The total number of students in a class is an example of discrete data. Statistics is a quite tough subject but for those who know how to use their mind, its the best one for them as it involves more practical knowledge and conceptual learning. The time(in minutes) it takes The time(in minutes) it takes A: It is given that the time (in minutes) it takes different students to drive to school from home. If you're asked whether age is a continuous or discrete variable in an Introductory Statistics class, the correct answer is technically continuous. The durations of a chemical reaction comma repeated . If you feel like your doubt is stupid and you skip it rather than ask it, it is not the correct approach. Causality: A relationship between two variables does not mean that one causes the other to occur. Compared to nominal data, ordinal data have some kind of order that is not present in nominal data. c. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. Manufacturers regularly run tests to determine if the amount of beverage in a 16-ounce can falls within the desired range. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific . Problems with samples: A sample must be representative of the population. Misleading use of data: improperly displayed graphs, incomplete data, or lack of context. You must choose 400 names for the sample. Record the number. It only contains finite values, the subdivision of which is not possible. We all know that time is very important, it doesnt wait for anyone. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why The speeds of the different people walking in a park Choose the correct answer below. The examples you have seen in this book so far have been small. - Example, Formula, Solved Examples, and FAQs, Line Graphs - Definition, Solved Examples and Practice Problems, Cauchys Mean Value Theorem: Introduction, History and Solved Examples. A sample of 100 undergraduate San Jose State students is taken by organizing the students names by classification (freshman, sophomore, junior, or senior), and then selecting 25 students from each. Doreen uses systematic sampling and Jung uses cluster sampling. The data will be quantitative, say 2+3 (=5) apples. 1: 23-54 (2012), ssh.dukejournals.org/content/36/1/23.abstract (accessed May 1, 2013). Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. They both did. These data cant be broken into decimal or fraction values. However, generally, we use age as a discrete, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10. A. A high school educational researcher interviews 50 high school female teachers and 50 high school male teachers. You have to be dedicated. Name data sets that are quantitative discrete, quantitative continuous, and qualitative. The color of hair can be considered nominal data, as one color cant be compared with another color. according to measurement accuracy, it can be significantly subdivided into smaller sections. O C. This data is so important for us that it becomes important to handle and store it properly, without any error. In one study, eight 16 ounce cans were measured and produced the following amount (in ounces) of beverage: 15.8; 16.1; 15.2; 14.8; 15.8; 15.9; 16.0; 15.5. A defective counting device can cause a nonsampling error. The numbers of hotels in cities Choose the correct answer below. It is not possible to measure qualitative data in terms of numbers and it is subdivided into nominal and ordinal data. Determine whether the given value is from a discrete or continuous data set. Blood type might be AB+, O-, or B+. The numbers of hotels in cities Choose the correct answer below. We need to evaluate the statistical studies we read about critically and analyze them before accepting the results of the studies. In today's changing times, pursuing a career in this subject is known to provide some of the most sought professional options. Performance & security by Cloudflare. Working on data is crucial because we need to figure out what kind of data it is and how to use it to get valuable output out of it. Quantitative data may be either discrete or continuous. feet, and 210 sq. Nominal Data is used to label variables without any order or quantitative value. This table displays six sets of quiz scores (each quiz counts 10 points) for an elementary statistics class. For the purpose of analysis, data are presented as the facts and figures collected together. A continuous data set because there are infinitely mamy possible values and those values cannot be counted. This is true even when the samples are well-chosen and representative of the population. b. The exact distances (in centimeters) between the chairs in a college classroom. The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. The data are the number of machines in a gym. The data are the colors of houses. Amount of money, pulse rate, weight, number of people living in your town, and number of students who take statistics are examples of quantitative data. Great Learning's Blog covers the latest developments and innovations in technology that can be leveraged to build rewarding careers. The tables display counts (frequencies) and percentages or proportions (relative frequencies). Two graphs that are used to display qualitative data are pie charts and bar graphs. Notice how much larger the percentage for part-time students at Foothill College is compared to De Anza College. These kinds of data can be considered in-between qualitative and quantitative data. It includes only those values which are separate and can only be counted in whole numbers or integers, which means that the data can not be split into fractions or decimals. The Literary Digest Poll, Virtual Laboratories in Probability and Statistics, Gallup Presidential Election Trial-Heat Trends, 19362008, Gallup Politics. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. Height is continuous but we sometimes don't really worry too much about minor variations and club heights into a set of discrete data instead. O A. The quiz scores (20 of them) in these 2 columns are the cluster sample. continuous, and explain why. Most of these students are, more than likely, paying more than the average part-time student for their books. Starting with that student, every 50th student is chosen until 75 students are included in the sample. Your IP: This data helps a company analyze its business, design its strategies, and help build a successful data-driven decision-making process. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Arrow over to PRB. Press ENTER. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. Indicate whether quantitative data are continuous or discrete. Collecting data carelessly can have devastating results. Confounding: When the effects of multiple factors on a response cannot be separated. However, in the real world age is often treated as a discrete variable because it makes more sense when collecting data and when reporting the results of a study. Also, the sample represents only those who showed up to the event earlier than the majority. C. The data are Which is the safest route for the ship? It is also important to know what kind of plot is suitable for which data category; it helps in data analysis and visualization. Over time, some continuous data can change. Think about what contributes to making Doreens and Jungs samples different. according to measurement accuracy, it can be significantly subdivided into smaller sections. When a sampling bias happens, there can be incorrect conclusions drawn about the population that is being studied. Additional Resources Step 2: Discrete and continuous data. QUESTIONState whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. The measure of Ris 5 greater than the measure of ZO. categorical, quantitative discrete or quantitative continuous. We might make different choices of what we think is the best graph depending on the data and the context. air. These 18 quiz scores are a stratified sample. Compare the fractions 9/25 and 9/24. Larger samples are better, if possible. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. a. stratified; b. cluster; c. stratified; d. systematic; e. simple random; f.convenience. Surveys mailed to households and then returned may be very biased (they may favor a certain group). The data are continuous because Sample size issues: Samples that are too small may be unreliable. Convenience sampling involves using results that are readily available. In each form of random sampling, each member of a population initially has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. Researchers often prefer to use quantitative data over qualitative data because it lends itself more easily to mathematical analysis. B. . The distance from G to H in The second pair starts due west and then turns 40 toward south. However the third random number, 0.14669, contains 14 (the fourth random number also contains 14), the fifth random number contains 05, and the seventh random number contains 04. In the graph, the percentages add to more than 100% because students can be in more than one category. Those numbers picked from the first department, picked from the second department, and so on represent the members who make up the stratified sample. The students spend the following amounts: $180; $50; $150; $85; $260; $75; $180; $200; $200; $150. 24 people said theyd prefer more talk shows, and 176 people said theyd prefer more music. You will learn why when you study confidence intervals. Many other courses are available online to master your foundational knowledge which may assist you later. The weights (in tons) of the trees in a forestANSWERA.) a. stratified; b. systematic; c. simple random; d. cluster; e. convenience. 2013 - 2023 Great Lakes E-Learning Services Pvt. Quick Check Introduction to Data Science. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval . The volume of cola in a can is 11.8 oz. Besides the chemistry course, some of them are also taking first-term calculus. The areas of the lawns are 144 sq. To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a proportionate number from each stratum. These kinds of data are also known as Numerical data. O A. Divide 84 a money box contains 1 coins, 2 coins, 5 coins and 10 coins 10 coins is four times the number of 1 coins. For this example, suppose Lisa chooses to generate random numbers from a calculator. Here are a few steps to prepare well for your exam which has statistics as a part of the course. For any particular sample of 1,000, if you are sampling with replacement. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. The random numbers 0.94360 and 0.99832 do not contain appropriate two digit numbers. Step 2: Discrete and continuous data. The amount of money they spend on books is as follows: $128; $87; $173; $116; $130; $204; $147; $189; $93; $153. Ltd. All rights reserved. Can I get some help? O A. The freshman, sophomore, junior, and senior years are numbered one, two, three, and four, respectively. Question: State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Divide into groups of two, three, or four. O C. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. The first sample probably consists of science-oriented students. pair starts due east and then turns 50 toward north. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. Finite values have discrete data. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. You go to the supermarket and purchase three cans of soup (19 ounces) tomato bisque, 14.1 ounces lentil, and 19 ounces Italian wedding), two packages of nuts (walnuts and peanuts), four different kinds of vegetable (broccoli, cauliflower, spinach, and carrots), and two desserts (16 ounces Cherry Garcia ice cream and two pounds (32 ounces chocolate chip cookies). Thats why it is also known as Categorical Data. You can get study material, solved and unsolved questions, and also quizzes which will help you test your knowledge. Besides herself, Lisas group will consist of Marcierz, Cuningham, and Cuarismo. This is important to know when we think about what the data are telling us. Data is the new oil. Today data is everywhere in every field. the data can only take on specific values . These data take on only certain numerical values. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous and explain why The amounts of time that different brands' batteries last in a CD player. a. These data are used for observation like customer satisfaction, happiness, etc., but we cant do any arithmetical tasks on them. Show Less. Other well-known random sampling methods are the stratified sample, the cluster sample, and the systematic sample. It is classified into two broad categories: qualitative data and quantitative data. Create a systematic sample of 12 quiz scores. Whether you are a data scientist, marketer, businessman, data analyst, researcher, or you are in any other profession, you need to play or experiment with raw or structured data. O A. A pie chart cannot be used. What can you conclude about the angles opposite these sides? You can also visit their website. Then survey every U.S. congressman in the cluster. The data are the areas of lawns in square feet. These data can be represented on a wide variety of graphs and charts, such as bar graphs, histograms, scatter plots, boxplots, pie charts, line graphs, etc. discrete because the data can only take on specific values . LCM of 3 and 4, and How to Find Least Common Multiple, What is Simple Interest? 134.209.154.177 It may take any numeric value, within a potential value range of finite or infinite. State whether the data described below are discrete or? Two students carry three books, one student carries four books, one student carries two books, and one student carries one book. Press 5:randInt( and enter 1, 60). The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. Click to reveal This site is using cookies under cookie policy . These data consist of audio, images, symbols, or text. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. Another example is learning how to use calculators. . Which two towers are closest together. Surely, you can get all the study material on Vedantu mobile app- learn live online. It is better for the person conducting the survey to select the sample respondents. Points in a graph of the discrete function remain unconnected. Scott Keeter et al., Gauging the Impact of Growing Nonresponse on Estimates from a National RDD Telephone Survey, Public Opinion Quarterly 70 no. If all the money in the 555, find the number of 10 coins in it 12. For the purpose of analysis, data are presented as the facts and figures collected together. and it is subdivided into nominal and ordinal data. The data are continuous because the data can only take on specific values. the number of classes you take per school year. Instead, we use a sample of the population. The registrar at State University keeps records of the number of credit hours students complete each semester. The data are continuous because the data can only take on specific values . As a class, determine whether or not the following samples are representative. D. The This category contains people who did not feel they fit into any of the ethnicity categories or declined to respond. For example, in the case of statistics, algebra is a good option to learn before starting your statistics course. A high school counselor uses a computer to generate 50 random numbers and then picks students whose names correspond to the numbers. Record the number of ones, twos, threes, fours, fives, and sixes you get in the following table (frequency is the number of times a particular face of the die occurs): Did the two experiments have the same results? The station uses convenience sampling and surveys the first 200 people they meet at one of the stations music concert events. O B. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous and explain why The amounts of time that different - Answered by a verified Tutor . Common problems to be aware of include. Data that can take a decimal value and can vary across a range is called . B. Statistical data needs to be critically analyzed, not simply accepted. ), Marital status (Single, Widowed, Married), When companies ask for feedback, experience, or satisfaction on a scale of 1 to 10, Letter grades in the exam (A, B, C, D, etc. To four decimal places, these numbers are equivalent (0.0999). True random sampling is done with replacement. the number of data values is increased), their sample results (the average amount of time a student sleeps) might be closer to the actual population average. You may wrap around (go back to the beginning). 5 (2006). Self-funded or self-interest studies: A study performed by a person or organization in order to support their claim. If they are not, discuss the reasons. The colors of the houses are white, yellow, white, red, and white. 8. On your calculator, press Math and arrow over to PRB. Confounding makes it difficult or impossible to draw valid conclusions about the effect of each factor.